許願
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This article "許願" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:許願. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
愿望是对某件事情的希望或渴望。它在虚构作品中可以用作一种情节手段，“获得愿望”、“许下愿望”或“实现愿望”的机遇，是民间传说不时使用的故事题材。
社会学[编辑]
有些文化拥有许愿望的习俗，比如吹灭生日蛋糕上的蜡烛、祈祷、在夜晚看见流星[1]、向许愿井或喷泉扔硬币、折断烤火鸡的许愿骨、吹蒲公英、在丝带或天灯上写下愿望。
许多人认为，这些愿望只有对别人保密才能实现；不过也有其他人认为，愿望只有告诉别人才能实现。[來源請求]
宗教[编辑]
在基督教的罗马天主教会、信义宗和圣公会中，信徒们会通过脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。来祈求他们希望得到的恩惠。[2]
在印度教、佛教和耆那教中，人们相信脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。具有实现愿望的能力。[3][4] 印度佛教的如意宝珠与西方炼金术的贤者之石相似，也被认为能够实现任何愿望。[5]
作品[编辑]
In many works of fantasy fiction a wish is a supernatural demand placed on the recipient's unlimited request. When it is the center of a tale, the wish is usually a template for a 脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。, "be careful what you wish for"; it can also be a small part of a tale, in which case it is often used as a plot device. One can wish on many things for example: wishing wells, dandelions when one blows the seeds or light them on fire, stars and much more. When one wishes on a well, a coin is thrown in and the thrower silently makes a wish in the hope it comes true.
A template for fictional wishes could be The Book of One Thousand and One Nights, specifically the tale of Aladdin, although in the tale of Aladdin the actual wishes were only part of the tale. Also, Aladdin's demands, while outrageous, were mainly variations on wealth (which is still often taken as the most common request).
Classically the wish provider is often a spirit, genie, or similar entity, which is bound or constrained within a commonplace object (Aladdin's oil lamp for example) or a container closed with Solomon's seal. Releasing the entity from its constraint, usually by some simple action, allows the object's possessor to make a wish.
The subservience of the extraordinarily powerful entity to the wisher can be explained in several ways. The entity may be grateful to be free of its constraint and the wish is a thank-you gift. The entity may be bound to obedience by its prison or some other item that the wisher possesses. The entity may, by its nature, be unable to exercise its powers without an initiator.
Other wish providers are a wide variety of, more or less, inanimate objects. W. W. Jacob's Monkey's Paw is an example of this. 脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。 puts a spin on this idea in 脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。: a magic ring claims to grant wishes and then claims credit when a wish comes true, apparently from the unaided efforts of the characters—but every wish made on the ring sooner or later comes true.[6]
Some wishes appear to be granted by nothing in particular. Snow White's mother's wish for a beautiful child might have been a coincidence,[7]:243 but the father's wish in "脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。" transforms his seven sons into ravens,[7]:136 just as the mother's wish in "脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。" transforms her daughter. This is common in a tale involving a person, male or female, wishing for a child, even one that is 脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。, or 脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。, or no bigger than 脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。.
The number of wishes granted varies. Aladdin had an unlimited number in the original story, but was restricted to three wishes in the 1992 Disney film. As in the Charles Perrault tale "脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。", three is the most common,[7]:166 but others may be granted to fit the constraints of the tale. Several authors have spun variations of the wish for more wishes theme, though some disallow this as cheating.
In many stories the wording of the wish is extremely important. For example, characters often say, "I wish I was wealthy." This wording could be taken literally, the wish granted so that at one time the wisher was (used to be) wealthy but is not any more. Saying, "I wish to be wealthy", then because "to be" refers to either the present or the future, they would become wealthy.
A common problem is the granter of the wish being either 脚本错误：没有“ilh”这个模块。 or through malice granting the request in a manner designed to cause maximum distress (such as a request for wealth being granted through inheritance/insurance on the death of a loved one). Certain authors have also tried an "always on" approach: the careless use of the word "wish" in everyday conversation having, often unpleasant, consequences.
另见[编辑]
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参考资料[编辑]
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脚本错误：没有“Redirect_Template_List”这个模块。 This article "許願" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:許願. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
- ↑ 脚本错误：没有“citation/CS1”这个模块。
- ↑ 脚本错误：没有“citation/CS1”这个模块。
- ↑ 脚本错误：没有“citation/CS1”这个模块。
- ↑ 脚本错误：没有“citation/CS1”这个模块。
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- ↑ John Grant and John Clute, The Encyclopedia of Fantasy, "Rings", p. 813 页面Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css没有内容。脚本错误：没有“Catalog lookup link”这个模块。脚本错误：没有“check isxn”这个模块。
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 脚本错误：没有“citation/CS1”这个模块。
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外部链接[编辑]
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